MOTS-c
Mechanism.
MOTS-c is a mitochondrial-derived peptide (MDP) encoded within the 12S rRNA gene of the mitochondrial genome. Discovered in 2015 by Changhan Lee's lab at USC, it has been described as an exercise mimetic due to its effects on AMPK activation, glucose metabolism, and fat oxidation. It is one of the first known mitochondrial-encoded peptides that acts as a signaling molecule regulating nuclear gene expression.
Think of MOTS-c as a fitness tracker that lives inside your mitochondria. When it senses your cells are under energy stress, it sends a signal to the cell's control center saying 'time to start burning fuel more efficiently' -- mimicking many of the metabolic responses normally produced by exercise.
How it's taken.
Values below describe how MOTS-c has been administered in published trials and labeling. Provided for educational purposes only — this is not medical advice and not instructions for self-administration. Consult your healthcare provider before making any health decision.
Mitochondrial-derived peptide. Acts as exercise mimetic via AMPK activation. No FDA-approved indication. Dosing based on early clinical research and published research protocols. Endogenously produced.
Use the free peptide calculator for dilution, unit conversion, and injection volume.
Side effects, rare serious events, who shouldn't.
Every study we cite.
Each study with its published finding and a plain-language note on limitations or funding.